Finance – General Overview
Finance - General Overview
Finance is a generally applied term for more than a couple of things. The term finance applies to the commercial activity of providing funds and capital; also it is that branch of economics that studies the management of money and other assets. If one were to round up the different definitions into one, finance can be defined as the management of funds and capitals required by a business activity.
Management of Finance
Management of finance has developed into a specialized branch within management since long ago. Managing finance involves dealing with optimizing allocation of funds to various activities either by borrowing or by mobilizing from internal resources. The word optimizing in finance may strike an odd note but it means taking intelligently structured steps at minimizing the cost of financing while simultaneously attempting to maximize the profits out of the employed finance.
Finance Governs Most of the Activities
A poor finance management will immediately show as deteriorating conditions in the procurement, production and sales as it touches all spheres of business activities. For this reason, a finance manager is expected to be very judicious in either mobilizing funds or allocating for expenses. Lee Iacocca, the most revered management guru, calls finance managers as ‘bean counters' who look at the expense part with rather pessimistic view. Unlike the sales managers, who would like to invest in future by product development, finance managers are rather skeptic of financing a project whose benefits lie in the future. Finance management governs the future outcome too.
Finance in Small Business
For most small business owners there is not a clear distinction between personal finance and business finance often leading to cross utility of funds. Lenders, either future or present, don't look at this with a soft corner. But resisting the tendency for such utilities may dampen ones zeal temporarily but sure brings the much needed discipline which is the foundation of all future progresses.
Financing a business can often be perilous if not approached with caution. Although bad management is commonly given as the reason businesses fail, inadequate or ill-timed financing comes a very close second. Whether you're starting a business or expanding one, sufficient ready capital is essential. But it is not enough to simply have sufficient financing; knowledge and planning are required to manage it well. These qualities ensure that you will avoid common mistakes like securing the wrong type of financing, miscalculating the amount required, or underestimating the cost of borrowing money.
Financing
Small businesses can finance their needs from either internal resources, friends or from banks and private lenders. The less you finance from outside lenders the more it ignites the profitability. This is why, perhaps, Bob Hope famously said, "A bank is a place that will lend you money if you can prove that you don't need it."
General FHA home Loan Underwriting Guidelines
General FHA home Loan Underwriting Guidelines
General FHA home Loan Underwriting Guidelines
Disclaimer: These guidelines are to be considered standard or general. FHA will, from time to time, change their guidelines such as loan limits or debt-to-income ratio requirements. In times when guidelines change frequently, we are not able to update the guidelines immediately, therefore, we cannot guarantee that the guidelines outlined here will be in effect at the time of your loan application but is provided to give you the basic idea of the requirements of the FHA mortgage.
Neither the lack of traditional credit history nor the lifestyle of the FHA Mortgage applicant may be used as a basis for rejection Collections: Based upon the surrounding circumstances, and as determined by our underwriter, these do not necessarily have to be paid. Judgment: Are required to be paid off before the FHA Mortgage loan is eligible for insurance. However, exceptions can be made if the borrower has been making regular timely documented payments and the creditor is willing to subordinate the judgment to the insured FHA Mortgage. Foreclosure: An FHA Mortgage applicant whose previous residence or other real property was foreclosed on, or who has given a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure with the previous three years is not generally eligible. Exceptions can be made based upon extenuating documented circumstances.
FHA Mortgage loan Advantages Include:
Minimal Down Payment and Closing Costs.
Down payment less than 3.5% of Sales Price Gift for down payment and closing costs allowed. No reserves or required. FHA regulated closing costs. Seller can credit up to 6% of sales price towards buyers costs.
Easier Credit Qualifying Guidelines such as:
Minimum FICO credit score of 540. FHA will allow a home purchase 2 years after a Bankruptcy. FHA will allow a home purchase 3 years after a Foreclosure.
Easier Debt Ratio & Job Requirement Guidelines such as:
Higher Debt Ratio's than other home loan programs. Less than two years on the job is allowed. Self-Employed individuals o.k.
Apply now at www.FHAmortgageFHALoan.com or all 954-667-9110
Reserves: There are no reserve requirements for one and two-family until residences. Three months reserves are required for three and four-family unit residence's. Rental Income: Rental income from relatives residing on the premises is acceptable provided the rental income is shown on the borrower's tax returns. Cash Saved at Home: FHA Mortgage applicant who meet the "cash borrower" profile (no traditional credit, no bank accounts, etc.) who have saved cash at home and are able to adequately demonstrate the ability to do so are permitted to have this money included, with satisfactory explanation, as an acceptable source of funds to close a mortgage loan. Child care expenses are NO LONGER included as debt. Non Occupant Co FHA Mortgage applicant: When there are two or more borrowers, but one or more will not occupy the property as a principal residence, the maximum mortgage is usually limited to 75% loan to value. However, maximum financing is available for borrowers related by blood or for unrelated individuals that can document evidence of family type, long-standing and substantial relationship not arising out of the loan transaction. Qualifying is determined by the underwriter. Assumable: All FHA loans are assumable Electronic/Online Payroll: 1st Continental Mortgage, and the industry as a whole, recognize that some employers use online payroll for pay stubs and W-2'S. These types of documentation are acceptable. Rate Adjustments: There are no interest rate adjustment "penalties" for higher loan to values with FHA fixed rate loans. The rate, is the rate, is the rate. Secondary Financing: Secondary financing is not allowed with an FHA loan. The only acceptable second mortgage is with an approved HUD gifting agent such as down payment assistance provided by a gov't agency in the form of a "silent" second mortgage. Piggie Back seconds/HELOCS are simply not allowed. Home Inspection: A home inspection may or may not be required on a property based upon various factors. Typically you will find it is not required, but is recommended on any existing residence. Pest Inspection: A termite inspection is required for all existing properties. Closing Costs: Closing costs charged to the borrower are restricted and may in fact be less than conventional closing costs dependent upon your lender or broker. Chapter 7 Bankruptcy: Will not disqualify a FHA Mortgage applicant if at least two years have passed since the bankruptcy was discharged Chapter 13 Bankruptcy: An FHA Mortgage applicant paying off debt under Chapter 13 may also qualify if at least one year of the pay out period has elapsed with satisfactory payment performance and the court approves the borrower entering into a mortgage transaction. Aliens: FHA will insure mortgages made to lawful permanent resident aliens under the same terms and conditions as a US citizen. No Income Restrictions Multifamily: Three and four family unit residences, regardless of occupancy status, must be self-sufficient. The maximum mortgage is limited so that the ratio of the mortgage payment divided by the monthly net rental income does not exceed 100%. The net rental income is the appraiser's estimate of fair market rent from all units (including the unit chosen by the borrower for occupancy) less the allowance for vacancies and maintenance which is 15%. 85% of the rental income that is expected from the non-occupied units is added to the borrower's income for qualifying purposes. Down Payment is calculated the same as single-family units. Overtime, Bonus and Part-time Income: Overtime and/or bonus income received for a period of less than two years is acceptable where the underwriter determines that there are reasonable expectations of it's continuance. An earning trend over the period of time of receipt must be established and analyzed. Part-time income means income from jobs taken in addition to the normal regular employment to supplement the FHA Mortgage applicant income. The same rules apply for determining using it as a part of qualifying. Extended Absence from Workforce: In some cases, the FHA Mortgage applicant may have recently returned to the work force after an extended absence. The borrowers income may be considered effective and stable provided the borrower has been employed in the current job for 6 months or more and the borrower can document a 2 year work history prior to the absence from the work force. Higher Ratios: HUD's standard ratio guidelines are 31% (maximum exception of 36%) of your gross income for housing and 43% (maximum exception of 50%) of your gross income for housing plus other creditors. Borrowers may, at the underwriters discretion, be allowed to extend beyond these ratios based upon sufficient compensating factors. Down Payment: The minimum down payment is approximately 3%. While credit quality can affect this qualifying requirement, the typical borrower only needs the standard HUD guideline of 3% to be approved. Gifts: 100% gift funds are acceptable. The donor may be a relative of the FHA Mortgage applicant, the employer or labor union, a governmental agency, a not for profit private organization, or close friend with a clearly defined interest in the borrower. No repayment of any gift may be expected or implied. Sellers are allowed to pay all closing costs on behalf of the borrower up to 6% of the purchase price.